How to Grow Fig Trees
The currant is a seldom-grown fruit, partly because its berries are too tart to eat fresh; they do, however, make excellent jams. Like the gooseberry the currant spreads white-pine blister rust, a fungus disease that causes extensive damage to pine forests. Because of this, cultivation of currants is prohibited in parts of the country where white pines grow. Check with your county agricultural extension service to find out if this affects your area.
The handsome deeply lobed leaves, often used as a motif in art, are borne on thick stubby twigs; the trunks and branches are covered with pearl-gray bark and can become attractively gnarled as the trees become old. Most figs are brown, purplish or pale shades of yellow or green when ripe.
The fruit itself is unusual in that the edible part we call the fig is not the true fruit but a fleshy receptacle whose inner walls are lined with tiny seeds; these are the true fruit.
Fig, trees seldom need fertilizing, but if the leaves are pale or yellow-green, scatter a few handfuls of lawn fertilizer beneath them in winter or early spring. Young trees should be pruned during the dormant winter season only enough to train them to the desired shape; old trees seldom need pruning.
In the Southeast and along the Gulf Coast west to Texas, recommended varieties are Brown Turkey, also called Black Spanish and San Piero; Brunswick, also called Magnolia; Celeste, also called Blue Celeste; and Texas Everbearing. In California the best home-garden varieties are Brown Turkey; Mission; Brunswick; Genoa, also called White Genoa; and Kadota. In the Northwest a recommended variety is Lattarula, also called White Italian. All produce their edible parts-the so-called fruit-without pollination and so can be planted alone.
Fig trees produce two crops a year, one in early summer from buds on the previous season’s growth and another in late summer on the current season’s growth; occasionally a third crop is borne on the late summer’s branches. Fig trees may bear for 50 years or more, and a 15- to 20-foot tree ordinarily yields at least 40 to 50 pounds annually.
